4.8 • +11k Ratings
Find Study Materials for
- betray雷竞技
-
Exams Exam preparation made easy. -
Textbooks Free and expert-verified textbook solutions. - app雷竞技
雷电竞官方地址
What is BlackNationalism? Where did it originate and what leaders have promoted it throughout history? What does it have to do with the decline of imperialism in Africa and other social and political movements? With so many prominent racial justice efforts taking place throughout the world in recent years, being able to compare and contrast BlackNationalismwith present-day efforts is especially important now. This article will put you on track to do just that!
Black Nationalism is a form of pan-nationalism; a type of nationalism that transcends traditional political boundaries of nation-states. Pan-nationalism is marked by the idea of creating a nation based on characteristics like race, religion, and language.The two main characteristics of Black Nationalism are:
Black Nationalists believe Black people should work together as a community to promote their political, social and economic status worldwide. They often challenge the ideas of integration and interracial activism.
Black Nationalism has promoted slogans such as "Black is beautiful" and "Black power". These slogans are intended to invoke pride, celebrating Black history and culture.
The origins of Black Nationalism have often been traced back to the travels and work ofMartin Delany, an abolitionist who was also a soldier, a doctor, and writer in the mid-1800s. Delany advocated for freed Black Americans to relocate to Africa to develop nations there.W.E.B. DuBoisis also credited as an early Black Nationalism, with his later teachings having been impacted by the 1900 Pan-African Conference in London.
W.E.B. DuBois,Kalki,Wikimedia Commons
BlackNationalismgrew even more during the 1920s whenMarcus Garvey, a Jamaican activist, introduced the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL). This league worked to advance the status of Africans around the world with its motto being "One God! One Aim! One Destiny!". They were very popular, but after Garvey was deported to Jamaica their influence declined when it was suspected that Garvey was using funds from the UNIA for personal reasons.
Martin Garvey,Martin H.via WikiCommons Media
The Nation of Islam (NOI) is a political and religious organization that was established in the U.S. during the 1930s by Wallace Fard Muhammad and later led by Elijah Muhammad. The NOI wanted to empower Black people and believed they were ‘The Chosen People.’ The NOI advocated believed that Black people should have their own nation, and be given land in southern America as a form of reparations from being enslaved. A key figure of the NOI wasMalcolm X,who helped grow the organization in the U.S. and Britain.
Malcolm Xwas a human rights activist and African American Muslim. He spent his childhood in a foster home due to his father’s death and his mother’s hospitalization. During his time in prison as an adult, he joined the Nation of Islam and later became one of the organisation's influential leaders, continuously advocating for Black empowerment and the separation between white and Black people. During the 1960s, he began to distance himself from the NOI and started to embrace Sunni Islam. After completing the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca, he renounced the NOI and established the Pan-African Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU). He said that his experience in Hajj showed that Islam treated everyone as equals and it was a way that racism can be resolved.
In many instances, revolutions in other nations inspired advocates of Black power in America, and vice-versa. The African revolutions against European colonialism in the 1950s and 1960s were vivid examples of success, as were wars for independence in Southeast Asia and Northern Africa.
For instance, Black Power advocate Stokely Carmichael’s five-month world speaking tour in 1967 made Black power a key to revolutionary language in places like Algeria, Cuba and Vietnam.
Carmichael was a co-founder of the All-African People’s Revolutionary Party and advocated for Pan-Africanism.
Stokely Carmichael,GPRamirez5CC-0, Wikimedia Commons
这首歌“提升每一个声音和歌唱”被称为the Black National Anthem. The lyrics were written by James Weldon Johnson, with music by his brother J. Rosamond Johnson. It was widely sung in Black communities in the U.S. as of 1900. In 1919, The NationalAssociationfor the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)referred to the piece as "the negro national anthem” as it expressed strength and freedom for African-Americans. The hymn includes biblical imagery from the Exodus and expressions of gratitude for faithfulness and freedom.
碧昂丝著名的执行the 'Lift Every Voice and Sing' at Coachella in 2018 as the first Black woman to open the festival.
歌词:“每一个Voice and Sing"1
提升每一个声音和歌唱,直到天地ring,Ring with the harmonies of Liberty;Let our rejoicing riseHigh as the listening skies,Let it resound loud as the rolling sea.Sing a song full of the faith that the dark past has taught us,Sing a song full of the hope that the present has brought us;Facing the rising sun of our new day begun,Let us march on ’til victory is won.Stony the road we trod,Bitter the chastening rod,Felt in the days when hope unborn had died;Yet with a steady beat,Have not our weary feetCome to the place for which our fathers died.We have come over a way that with tears has been watered,We have come, treading our path through the blood of the slaughtered,Out from the gloomy past,’Til now we stand at lastWhere the white gleam of our bright star is cast.God of our weary years,God of our silent tears,Thou who has brought us thus far on the way;Thou who has by Thy mightLed us into the light,Keep us forever in the path, we pray.Lest our feet stray from the places, our God, where we met Thee,Lest our hearts drunk with the wine of the world, we forget Thee;Shadowed beneath Thy hand,May we forever stand,True to our God,True to our native land.
Check out these quotes on BlackNationalismfrom prominent thought leaders associated with the philosophy.
Thepolitical philosophyof black nationalism means that the black man should control the politics and the politicians in his own community; no more. - Malcolm X2
“Every student of political science, every student of political economy, every student of economics knows that the race can only be saved through a solid industrial foundation; that the race can only be saved through political independence. Take away industry from a race, take away political freedom from a race and you have a slave race.” -Marcus Garvey3
Black Nationalism is a form of pan-nationalism. Black nationalists have the belief that black people (generally African Americans) should work together as a community to promote their political, social and economic stance worldwide and to also protect their history and culture which will lead to the creation of an independent state
Malcolm X wanted racial independence and advocated for an independent nation. After taking part in Hajj (a religious pilgrimage to Mecca), he began to believe in unity among the races.
Black nationalism is different than pan-Africanism, with Black nationalism contributing to pan-Africanism. Black nationalists tend to be pan-Africanists but pan-Africanists are not always black nationalists
"Lift Every Voice and Sing" has been known as the Black National Anthem since 1919, when The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACO) referred to it as such for its empowering message.
Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan.
Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes.
Create and find flashcards in record time.
Create beautiful notes faster than ever before.
Have all your study materials in one place.
Upload unlimited documents and save them online.
Identify your study strength and weaknesses.
Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them.
Stop procrastinating with our study reminders.
Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying.
Create flashcards in notes completely automatically.
