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Chapter 15: Thermodynamics

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College Physics (Urone)
Pages: 509 - 554
College Physics (Urone)

College Physics (Urone)

Book edition 1st Edition
Author(s) Paul Peter Urone
Pages 1272页
ISBN 9781938168000

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65 Questions for Chapter 15: Thermodynamics

  1. 会是:ious question make any sense for an isochoric process? Explain your answer

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  2. We ordinarily say that ΔU = 0 for an isothermal process. Does this assume no phase change takes place? Explain your answer.

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  3. The temperature of a rapidly expanding gas decreases. Explain why in terms of the first law of thermodynamics. (Hint: Consider whether the gas does work and whether heat transfer occurs rapidly into the gas through conduction.)

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  4. Which cyclical process represented by the two closed loops, ABCFA and ABDEA, on the PV diagram in the figure below produces the greatest net work? Is that process also the one with the smallest work input required to return it to point A? Explain your responses.

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  5. Is a temperature difference necessary to operate a heat engine? State why or why not.

    Found on Page 549

  6. Definitions of efficiency vary depending on how energy is being converted. Compare the definitions of efficiency for the human body and heat engines. How does the definition of efficiency in each relate to the type of energy being converted into doing work?

    Found on Page 549

  7. Why—other than the fact that the second law of thermodynamics says reversible engines are the most efficient—should heat engines employing reversible processes be more efficient than those employing irreversible processes? Consider that dissipative mechanisms are one cause of irreversibility.

    Found on Page 549

  8. Describe the photo of the tea kettle at the beginning of this section in terms of heat transfer, work done, and internal energy. How is heat being transferred? What is the work done and what is doing it? How does the kettle maintain its internal energy?

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  9. Think about the drinking bird at the beginning of this section (Figure 15.21). Although the bird enjoys the theoretical maximum efficiency possible, if left to its own devices over time, the bird will cease “drinking.” What are some of the dissipative processes that might cause the bird’s motion to cease?

    Found on Page 549

  10. Can improved engineering and materials be employed in heat engines to reduce heat transfer into the environment? Can they eliminate heat transfer into the environment entirely?

    Found on Page 549

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